FinalExamcellbiol4creditanswerkey

You are given three cell samples and asked to classify them as prokaryotic, eukaryotic plant, and eukaryotic animal. Briefly explain how you would differentiate the prokaryotic cell sample from the other two samples via two key differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Having identified the prokaryotic cell, you now must identify the plant and animal cells. Briefly describe two key differences you would look for to separate the two cell types.

A chemist named Wallace Carothers died in 1937 when he intentionally drank a solution containing potassium cyanide.  Cyanide is poisonous because it interferes with one of the enzymes in the electron transport chain, preventing oxygen molecules from combining with an electron and two hydrogen ions to form water.  

Assuming cell respiration completely halts at this point, what part of the process are still functional? HINT: Think about the steps to aerobic respiration.

What would a poisoned person be completely unable to generate as a result of this?

An endurance runner begins experiencing muscle soreness towards the end of a long race.  Explain, in detail, what is happening in her muscle cells. Your answer should include the molecule(s) that are missing, how this is altering cell respiration, and what the cause of her soreness is.

Human blood type is a codominant trait, with A and B alleles expressing dominance to the O allele.  A married couple is concerned because while the mother is type A, and the father is type B, their first child is type O.  Is this possible, or were they given the wrong child at the hospital?  Use a Punnett square to confirm your answer.

Interphase is sometimes referred to as the “resting stage”.  This is a very inaccurate way to describe interphase.  Explain what cells are doing in interphase.  Your answer should include each of the non-mitotic parts of the cell cycle.

This is the sequence from a partial strand of DNA to be used for the next few questions.  

3’ CCT CTT TAC ACA CGG AGG GTA CGC TAT TCT ATG ATT ATC CGG TTG CGA TCC ATA AAA 5’

Transcript the provided code to mRNA.

This is the sequence from a partial strand of DNA to be used for the next few questions.  

3’ CCT CTT TAC ACA CGG AGG GTA CGC TAT TCT ATG ATT ATC CGG TTG CGA TCC ATA AAA 5’

Translate the mRNA sequence from the question above into an amino acid sequence (i.e., primary protein structure). HINT: Be sure your protein starts with the right amino acid.